Definition: Bearing type refers to the internal mechanism that allows a caster wheel or swivel to rotate under load.
What it controls: Rolling resistance, speed capability, durability, noise, and maintenance requirements.
Common caster bearing types
- Plain (bushing): Low cost, low speed, high friction
- Roller bearing: Higher load capacity, moderate rolling resistance
- Ball bearing: Lower rolling resistance, higher speed capability
- Precision (sealed) bearing: Lowest rolling resistance, best durability in harsh use
Bearing comparison table
| Bearing type | Rolling resistance | Load capability | Best use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (bushing) | High | Low–moderate | Low speed, cost-sensitive |
| Roller | Moderate | High | Heavy loads, low speed |
| Ball | Low | Moderate | Manual carts, smooth floors |
| Precision sealed | Very low | High | High cycle, washdown, AGVs |
Selection guidance
- Use precision bearings for high cycle or powered equipment
- Use roller bearings for heavy static loads at low speed
- Avoid plain bearings where push force matters
- Specify sealed bearings in washdown or dirty environments
Reality: Bearing type often has a larger impact on usability than wheel material alone.
Common engineering mistakes
- Choosing bearings based only on load rating
- Ignoring speed and duty cycle
- Using open bearings in wet or dirty environments
- Assuming all ball bearings perform the same
Rule: If push force or uptime matters, bearing quality is not optional.
FAQs
Do bearings affect load rating?
Yes. Bearing type and size directly affect load capacity.
Are sealed bearings worth the cost?
Yes in high-cycle, washdown, or dirty environments.
What bearing type rolls easiest?
Precision sealed ball bearings.
Can bearings be replaced?
Sometimes, but replacement is often impractical compared to upgrading.