Definition: Operating temperature is the continuous temperature range in which a caster can function without loss of performance or structural integrity.
Includes: Wheel material limits, bearing lubrication, seals, and frame performance.
Why operating temperature matters
Temperature directly affects wheel materials, bearings, and lubricants.
- High temperatures soften polymers and degrade lubricants
- Low temperatures cause brittleness and increased rolling resistance
- Thermal cycling accelerates wear and fatigue
- Temperature limits often reduce usable load capacity
Reality: Many caster failures blamed on “overloading” are actually temperature-related.
Typical operating temperature ranges
| Wheel material | Typical temperature range |
|---|---|
| Rubber | -20°F to 180°F |
| Polyurethane | -40°F to 200°F |
| Nylon | -40°F to 250°F |
| Phenolic | -40°F to 300°F |
| Cast iron / steel | -40°F to 800°F+ |
Material and bearing considerations
- Grease selection must match temperature range
- Seals may harden or fail at temperature extremes
- Plastic wheels creep under load at elevated temperatures
- Metal wheels transfer heat into bearings and frames
Rule: Temperature rating is governed by the weakest component, not the wheel alone.
Common engineering mistakes
- Ignoring temperature during load calculations
- Assuming intermittent exposure is acceptable
- Using standard grease in ovens or freezers
- Overlooking heat generated by rolling friction
Rule: Always derate capacity at elevated temperatures.
FAQs
Does temperature affect load rating?
Yes. Higher temperatures reduce allowable load capacity.
Are freezer casters different?
Yes. They use low-temperature materials and lubricants.
Can casters handle temperature cycling?
Repeated cycling accelerates wear and fatigue.
Is wheel temperature the same as ambient?
No. Rolling friction can raise wheel temperature significantly.